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(Revelation 21:1) A Brand New World

(Revelation 21:1) A Brand New World

Ref: Revelation 21:1

By description, Heaven is out of this world! But by definition, it is still a part of it.

Transcript

A Brand New World

Revelation 21:1

We return today to our study through the Book of Revelation.

So far we’ve covered all but the final theme of this Great Book – the theme of Heaven.

We began some time ago with the opening pages of this Revelation where we studied The Sovereignty of Christ in His Church.  That took us from chapter 1 through chapter 5.

In that study, letters from Christ were delivered to seven churches which, in my view, represent the condition of any church in any generation.  They were powerful letters with both challenges and affirmations.

We then followed the raptured church to heaven and listened in on what we called the First Hymns of Heaven as hundreds of millions of angels and the redeemed burst into song before the throne of God.

We then moved on to chapters 6 through 15 and studied The Severity of Christ in His Chastisement.  We watched as the terrible time of Tribulation began.

Four Horsemen appear, one after another; and while the church is in heaven, the world below begins to experience a 7 year period of world-wide cataclysmic disasters as the wrath of God is poured out. 

We watched oceans turned to blood and demons unleashed as the world experiences the predicted judgment of God.

It’s also a time of unprecedented conversions to faith in Christ and millions of people refuse the mark of the beast and bravely go to their deaths at the hand of the Antichrist and his government.

Then we watched Babylon rebuilt as the capital city of the Antichrist who seizes the nations of the world by his satanically induced powers.  The world finally gets its wish as the Antichrist institutes for the first time in human history, a global, one world government and a one world religion.

We watched as the Antichrist’s grip began to weaken under the unrelenting barrage of God’s judgment and the growing frustration of the other nations.

And then, as the world scene is about to turn on itself, we watched as Christ visibly returned with His beloved.

We called this study, the Supremacy of Christ in His Coming. 

The Antichrist and his global army are defeated by Christ and Satan is thrown into the Abyss for one thousand years – a millennium.

During that same one thousand years, our imaginations were captured by the revelation of John the Apostle as we studied a literal, physical Millennial Kingdom with Christ on the throne of David.

We learned that the Millennial Kingdom was a prelude – a foretaste – of the Eternal Kingdom as earth is cleaned up and then developed amazingly over the course of one thousand years of Christ’s reign.  Economy, education, industry, the arts all flourished under Christ’s reign.

But then we watched as the Millennial Kingdom ended and an attempt by rebellious mankind to overthrow Christ was underway yet again.    

Millions marched against Christ’s capital city in Jerusalem.  These millions were among the generations born and raised during the one thousand year reign;

  • even though their parents and grandparents were believers who had survived the Tribulation and entered the Kingdom phase – who had married and raised families during this golden age on earth;
  • even though these later generations had a godly heritage;
  • even though they experienced the blessings of wonderful climate changes and marvelous health and long life and just law;
  • even though they could visibly see where Christ ruled form Jerusalem;
  • even though they had glorified saints leading them and the enterprises of earth with sinless perfection and grace and wisdom.

Even after all of that, when Satan is released from the Abyss at the end of this thousand year reign, he is able to raise an army numbering as the sands of the seashore to march against Jesus Christ and we, the immortals who reign with Him.

But we watched as one word of our Lord slaughters these enemy armies and the final judgment takes place at the Great White Throne.

So, over these past studies we’ve covered:

The Sovereignty of Christ in His Church            (ch. 1-5)

The Severity of Christ in His Chastisement         (ch. 6-15)

The Supremacy of Christ in His Second Coming (ch. 16-20)

And now we begin our study of what we’ll call, The Satisfaction of Christ in His New Creation (chapters 21-22).

We’ve finally made it to these final chapters on heaven. 

We finally made it.  Some of you thought you’d be there, before we got here.

Let me say at the outset, that we will have more questions about heaven when we’re finished than when we’ve begun.

And I hope this study provokes your desire to study heaven further.

Be careful, however.  Popular books on heaven often take passages that describe the millennial kingdom and attribute them to heaven.

The Old Testament prophets spent most of their time describing the Millennial Kingdom.

So, the majority of what we know about heaven comes from John the Apostle – and specifically the last two chapters of his Revelation.

We might not have all our questions answered, but we’ll have a fresh and new perspective of heaven, when we’re finished.

We experienced the same thing as we studied the Kingdom – Jesus Christ reigning on earth and the coming golden age where we reigned with Christ.

It was new to many of us to learn that we’re not just going to live on earth, die and go to heaven – we actually have this amazing period of 1,000 years ahead of us where we reign with Christ on earth.

While we can’t figure out all the details, when we actually study what God does provide for us, our hearts and imaginations are livened with truths we probably never thought about before.

In fact, I had a lot of response from people who admitted that they used to just think about going to heaven, but never considering the fact that there would be this 1,000 year reign on earth with Christ and what that might look like.

So, we won’t have all our questions answered about heaven – have I mentioned that yet? – but we are given enough to really provoke our thinking.

In fact, I’m going to make a statement here at the outset that might surprise you – in fact, after I say it, I’ll be tempted to duck.

You might at first think I’ve come up with some strange new doctrine . . . I haven’t, but here it is.

Our future in the Father’s House – the glorious city of gold – heaven – is actually going to be on earth.

In fact, I’ve actually entitled this series, “Heaven on Earth”. 

The truth is, the average Christian thinks about heaven as a place up there somewhere and we should be happy about it because we’re going to do a lot of singing.

Most believers never consider the implications of what it means when we’re told in Revelation that there will be a new heaven and a new earth – that the New Jerusalem is going to descend out of heaven – literally taking heaven with it – and it will descend and rest on a new, what? 

God is going to create a new heaven and a new earth!

Listen to Revelation 21 and the first few verses as if for the first time.  1.  Then I saw a new heaven and a new earth – this is a reference to a new universe corresponding to our universe now, but new – we’ll talk about what “new” means in a moment; John writes further; for the first heaven and the first earth passed away, and there is no longer any sea.  2.  And I saw the holy city, New Jerusalem, coming down out of heaven from God, made ready as a bride adorned for her husband.  3.  And I heard a loud voice from the throne, saying, “Behold, the tabernacle of God is among men, and He will dwell among them, and they shall be His people, and God Himself will be among them, 4. and He will wipe away every tear from their eyes: and there will no longer be any death; there will no longer by any mourning, or crying, or pain; the first things have passed away.

Where is this taking place?  On earth! 

To where does the New Jerusalem come?  Earth!

Listen, you cannot discuss an eternal heaven without discussing an eternal earth – they are not the same thing, but they will be connected forever in the same place.

But it’s even more surprising than that – you will not just be experiencing the glory of our Creator in the heavenly Jerusalem –the golden city of God’s throne; you will be experiencing the glory of His creation on a brand new earth and universe forever. 

So, with anticipation for what we will learn together let me invite your attention to Revelation chapter 21 and verse 1.  And I saw. 

Stop . . . not so fast.

This particular phrase, I saw, is used throughout Revelation to indicate chronological progression. / John MacArthur, Revelation: Volume 2 (Moody Press, 2000), p. 262

That is, from one event to the next.

You find these words in:

  • Chapter 5, verse 1
  • Chapter 6, verse 1
  • Chapter 7, verse 2
  • Chapter 8, verse 2
  • Chapter 10, verse 1
  • The same at the beginning of chapters 13, 15, 18;
  • Chapter 19 at verse 11,
  • Chapter 20 verse 1 and verse 11
  • And now at chapter 21.

I say all of that to underscore for you that that there are not thousands or even millions of years between events here.

These are consecutive events with one event following the other.

And what does John see happening next?  Chapter 21, verse 1, “I saw a new heaven and a new earth.”

He is effectively saying, I saw a new universe.

In other words, there aren’t millions or billions of years elapsing in order for John to finally see a completed new universe.

Revelation 21 and Genesis 1 are similar in this way.

There aren’t any defenses or arguments regarding God’s ability or power or creative work. 

It’s just announced.  In the beginning God created the heavens and the earth. (Genesis 1:1)

And I saw a new heaven and a new earth.

God didn’t need billions of years to allow things to evolve on earth to the point where they could sustain life the first time around and He won’t need billions of years to create a new heaven and a new earth the second time around.

If you’ve got problems with Genesis 1:1 you’re going to have problems with Revelation 21:1

But if you believe that God created the first universe from nothing, you can certainly believe that God can take the elements of the former universe and create from them new heavens and a new earth.

Now, you might wonder why God didn’t keep the first universe.  What happened to the first earth – the one we’re living on right now?

If you turn back a 10 pages or so to 2 Peter, you discover that our current universe is going to be destroyed by fire.

In 2 Peter, chapter 3, you’ll notice in verse 3.  Know this first of all, that in the last days mockers will come with their mocking, following after their own lusts. 

By the way, the word translated “mocker” is a word that refers to someone who “makes fun of . . . mocks.” / Fritz Rienecker & Cleon Rogers, Linguistic Key to the Greek New Testament (Regency, 1976), p. 780

It’s used for a child playing with a toy.

In other words, the unbelievers will make fun of those who believe in the coming judgment of God.  They’ll toy with people who believe such things.

They’ll invite them on talk shows and interview them and toy with them – all the while patronizing the Christian as someone who really needs to be treated about as seriously as a child’s toy.

And the world will say, “C’mon . . . you don’t really believe all that stuff about a Creator God and the fact that He’ll judge us?  You can’t be serious!  Just look around you . . . everything’s been going along just the way it always has.”

That happens to be the scientific theory of uniformitarianism.  It’s the naturalist’s theory that the same laws of nature have been in operation since the beginning of time; unchanged and unchangeable and they follow a uniform pattern, having never been interrupted – supernaturally or otherwise. / Charles R. Swindoll, Prophecy (Insight for Living, 1983), p. 34 

In other words, God hasn’t been around for billions of years and He isn’t about to show up anytime soon.

But Peter points out one interesting fact of history – the Flood.  Look at verse 5.  For when they maintain this, it escapes their notice that by the word of God the heavens existed long ago and the earth was formed out of water and by water, through which the world at that time was destroyed, being flooded with water.

God did interrupt the systems of natural law and He did unleash the water stored under and around and above the planet and he actually did, literally drown mankind in judgment.

The only ones who were saved were those in the ark (Genesis 7).

God now warns, through the Apostle Peter’s letter, Just as I disrupted the systems of the planet I created so that the world was flooded . . . there is another judgment coming.

In fact, the next verse reveals what it is; verse 7.  But by His word the present heavens and earth are being reserved for fire, kept for the day of judgment and destruction of ungodly men.

Look down at verse 10b, the heavens will pass away with a roar and the elements will be destroyed (literally, loosed) with intense heat, and the earth and its works will be burned up.

You could translate Peter’s words in verse 7, the present heavens and earth are being stored with fire, kept for the day of judgment.

Just as God allowed the canopy of water above to collapse, and the reserves of water beneath to erupt, drowning the earth’s inhabitants, so God has already built into planet earth the fire which He will simply allow to erupt.

Think about it.  The earth we live on is about 25,000 miles in circumference and 8,000 miles in diameter.  I read that, I didn’t measure it.

The earth is formed like a hollow ball with an outer shell or crust and a liquid core that is seething and boiling in the center of the heart.  Temperatures are estimated to be as high as 10,000 degrees Fahrenheit – about the same temperature as the surface of the sun.

In some places of the earth’s crust the molten, superheated elements are near the surface and the pressure becomes so great that suddenly a piece of the crust blows apart, usually at some mountain whose roots reach into the caldron of fire – we refer to as a volcano and suddenly millions of tons of burning rock and earth are blown into the sky, shooting flames hundreds of feet into the air and emitting a stream of glowing, burning lava as well as sending ash into the sky for miles around. / M.R. De Haan, Revelation (Zondervan, 1946), p. 285

On May 18, 1980, Mount St. Helens in the Pacific Northwest erupted leaving an area three times the size of the District of Columbia a wasteland. 

The volcanic eruption which lasted for 9 hours spewed up to 13,000 metric tons of hot gases and rock every second.

Perhaps you’ve seen the news about a volcano in Iceland that has been erupting since this past Wednesday, sending an ash plume more than five miles into the air. 

One article I read talked about how the eruption has shut down air travel across Europe stranding thousands of travelers and forcing world leaders to govern by phone from airport lounges. 

Even world militaries have been forced to alter their flight patterns.  The wider fear is that the invisible microscopic particles could clog airplane engines and cancelations in what has become the world’s biggest flight disruption since 9/11. / www.aol.comnews/world/article/europe-flights-grounded

Just one volcanic eruption has interrupted the business of world governments. 

By the way, in the same magazine article that reviewed the results of the eruption of Mt. Saint Helens, I noticed across the page of Science News there was an article announced where astronomers are reconsidering how extra terrestrials can make contact with us. / Science News, April 24th Edition, Volume 177 #9

I thought how ironic.  Mankind is ignoring the warning signs of a rumbling creation while at the same time taking seriously making contact with aliens.

Are things reversed or what?  Are we captivated by the wrong things or what?

My friend, every hot springs is a warning; every spouting geyser of steam is a sermon; every volcanic eruption is a reminder that inside this old earth is a sea of fire and God knew exactly what He was talking about when He promised Noah it would flood one day and He knows what He’s talking about when He promises that planet earth will disappear in a fiery explosion one day. 

Earth is a ticking time bomb. 

Mankind ignores the warning signs of a planet given to earthquakes and tsunamis and volcanic eruptions. 

Think about the fact that mankind walks around on an outer crust of a planet where he lives and works and builds his home and conducts his business and takes his vacations and make his plans and all the while, he’s living on a boiling, seething planet which God has actually designed one day to literally explode and burn away.   / De Haan, p. 285

Paul wrote in Romans 8:19, For the anxious longing of the creation waits eagerly for the revealing of the sons of God.

Creation is even groaning to be redeemed.  (Romans 8:22). 

That volcano in Iceland is just another groan and a warning from God. This old earth has not been designed to last! 

Peter says it will one day burn away in a great big roar.

Now there is some friendly debate among Bible scholars as to whether or not God will destroy the earth completely or just burn the surface.

There are some verses that can be lined up on both sides. 

However, the determining text of 2 Peter chapter 3 settles the issue for me. 

It uses clear and decisive language to indicate that while God may use the matter and elements of this destroyed planet and universe, He will completely destroy it and refashion a new heaven and a new earth.

One author wrote, by the principle of mass/energy conservation, nothing of the former universe has been lost; God will take the matter which by fire had been reduced to a vapor state and once again exercise His mighty powers of creation and integration, and the new heavens and the new earth will appear, so to speak, out of the ashes of the old. / Henry M. Morris, The Revelation Record (Tyndale House, 1986), p. 436

John writes in Revelation 21 and verse 1 – for the first heaven and the first earth passed away.

And Peter explains how in 2 Peter chapter 3.

Some have suggested that this would be admitting defeat . . . that this would be unfortunate for God to lose this earth and need to create a new one.

But Isaiah quoted our Creator God who evidently happens to be rather excited with His plan of a new creation for us as He says through His prophet Isaiah, “Look!  I am creating new heavens and a new earth – so wonderful that no one will even think about the old ones anymore.  Be glad; rejoice forever in my creation!  And look!  I will create Jerusalem as a place of happiness.  Her people will be a source of joy.  I will rejoice in Jerusalem and delight in my people.  And the sound of sweeping and crying will be heard no more.  (Isaiah 65:17-19 NLT)

When John writes in Revelation 21:1 that he saw a new heaven and a new earth, he’s referring to the universe in general, and earth, in particular.

This will be a new earth.  And the word used by John refers a new kind of heaven and new kind of earth.  It’s a word that means this new creation will have continuity with the old creation as we know it, but it will be uniquely new. 

God will do with the earth what He will do with our glorified bodies.  He’ll bring from the dust of coffins long inhabited a reconstituted body . . . there will be continuity with our past.

We will be us, only perfect.

We won’t have 3 arms, 4 legs and one big eye in the middle of our foreheads; those are the aliens astronomers are hoping to make contact with.

That’s not us, as modeled by the glorified body of Jesus Christ.  He still had two arms, two legs, spoke in the same language as before and even enjoyed grilled fish for supper.

But He could walk through a closed door; disappear and appear at will and ascend through the skies.

Like Him, we will be recognizable.  We will still be us, only perfected.  No physical limitations – no longer restricted by the law of gravity that makes your back hurt and your body shrink.

Like our glorified bodies, so earth will also be recognizable – but different – perfected – unique in many ways.

It will be God’s gift to us and for all eternity it will be ours to explore and enjoy and uniquely cultivate and discover and travel.

It’s a real place – a magnificently beautiful refashioned earth.

Now, there are several words in the Greek language translated earth, or world.  One of them is the word cosmos (kosmoV) which refers to our world system – our world of politics; our world of business.  In the Bible this word is often used of the world that excludes God.   / Stephen J. Lawson, Heaven Help Us! (Navpress, 1995), p. 105

John used this word when he wrote, “The world is passing away, (the cosmos is passing away) and also it’s lusts; but the one who does the will of God lives forever.”   (1 John 2:17)

Another Greek word is the word aiwnos (aiwnoV) which refers to an era, an epoch of time, a dispensation or period of time.  This is the word used by our Lord when He told His disciples, “I am with you always, even to the end of the age.” (Matthew 28:20)

The third word translated earth or world is the word “ge” (gh) which we’ve transliterated to sound like “gee”.  It’s a word which refers to the physical earth upon which we live – the dirt, the rocks, the mountains. 

The English words, geography and geology borrow from this Greek idea.

And this is the word the Spirit of God inspires through John the Apostle.   John writes that we’re going to have a new physical planet, with new rocks and new trees and new rivers and new mountains and new everything. 

In case you missed it, this is a real location – a physical address – a real place. 

Jesus did not promise His disciples in John 14, “I am going to prepare a state of mind for you”; He promised them and us,  I am going to prepare a place for you . . . that where I am you may be also. (John 14:3)

We’ve often only thought of our heavenly future as a heavenly city somewhere out there – the golden city of God.  But here in Revelation 21 we discover that what Christ is also going to prepare for us is a brand new earth.

In fact, according to what John sees, the heavenly city is going to descend and rest on a brand new earth, surrounded by a brand new universe.

Heaven has literally come down to earth.

God will exhibit His glory from His eternal city which rests upon a now recreated, eternal planet which He has redeemed. 

Nature will no longer groan for redemption.  It will be redeemed and set in motion with perfection and beauty and glory for God’s redeemed people to enjoy.

Heaven includes earth.

That’s the first of our surprises as we study what John the Apostle revealed.  

The typical idea of Heaven is that it’s one long song service and all we’ll ever do is stand around the throne of God singing one hymn after another.  And if the truth were told, the average Christian secretly feels guilty for not being spiritual enough to actually look forward to that.

Frankly, the average Christian wonders what they’re going to do after the first million or so years.  What do you do after you’ve sung through the hymnal a few dozen times?

Gary Larson, the cartoonist of Far Side humor drew out the typical understanding of heaven by people too afraid to admit it: in the picture is a man with angel wings and a halo sitting on a cloud . . . he has the expression of someone marooned on an island with absolutely nothing to do for eternity but play his harp which he has grown tired of.  The caption underneath has him saying, “I wish I had brought a magazine.” / Randy Alcorn, Heaven (Tyndale, 2004), p. 6 

The truth is, this is a new world we can’t even begin to barely imagine.  John will try to create images and provide some snapshots for us with words that still defy our imagination.

The Triune God will be there and we frankly can’t imagine our connection and communion with Him – and how that’s going to work out. 

Millions of fellow believers will also be there even though we’re not sure how our eternal fellowship with them is going to play out.  Will it be with all of them, or a few of them, or will we rotate through friendships with the redeemed over the course of eternity.

There are a lot of things we’re told about heaven and I’m looking forward to studying them with you.

But not everything is provided. And I think the reason we’re not given everything about Heaven – in fact, we’re not given nearly as much as we’d like, is because it is so far beyond our time/space perception and even our wildest imaginations.  

Describing heaven to humans is like describing the thrill of driving a car for the first time to a giraffe.  He’s just not going to get it!

Describing the glory of the new earth is like trying to describe a 5-star hotel to a June bug!

It’s like trying to describe humility to a cat!

It’s just about impossible.

But what we do know about the new heaven and new earth is:

  • This is the place where we are citizens – this is our home

(Philippians 3:20);

  • This is the place where our names have been recorded (Revelation 20:12);
  • This is the place where our treasure is located

(Mathew 19:21). / MacArthur, p. 260

  • This is the place where serving Christ on assignments we cannot even imagine will take place and never end. (Hebrews 12:28)

Now you may have noticed one very unique attribute of the new earth that shows up in Revelation 21:1

John writes at the end of verse 1 these words, “and there is no longer any sea” . . . literally, no longer sea.  This word is equivalent to our word or idea for ocean. 

Why would that be?  We’re not told, but let me offer a couple of suggestions. 

From what I’ve read, the world we now inhabit is literally a planet covered by oceans.  In fact, 70% of our planet’s surface is covered by salt water.  And the average depth of the ocean is just over 2 miles deep. / Ray C. Stedman, God’s Final Word (Discovery House, 1991), p. 336

The earth is now bathed in what could be called God’s great antiseptic solution composed of about 96% water, 3.5% salt and then about .5% of a combination of chlorine, magnesium, and calcium.

God literally designed the oceans of our world to purge, cleanse and preserve, making it fit to live. 

One author wrote, “Many of the pollutants and waste we produce get washed out of the soil and into our streams and rivers; others are deliberately dumped into the rivers.  The rivers wash these materials into the ocean where it absorbs, scrubs and breaks down these pollutants.  The sun heats the ocean, causing only pure, clean water vapor to float up into the sky, forming clouds which bring refreshing rain back to the land – a continuous cycle of cleansing and renewal. But in the new earth and heavens there will be no more pollution; no more decay, nor more need for cleansing. / Ibid

Add to this the fact that the ocean has been used by God to divide nations – making war and invasion more difficult.

Donald Grey Barnhouse also brought out the point that the ocean is God’s metaphor throughout scripture for evil and Gentile nations who are not in covenant with God. / Donald Grey Barnhouse, Revelation (Zondervan, 1971), p. 400

So in the new earth, God effectively creates an earth without the ocean; He removes barriers from continents as the topography of earth is changed and he removes that which represented division and rebellion.

But keep in mind, as Warren Wiersbe pointed out in his commentary on this text; No more sea does not mean no more water . . . or bodies of water. / Warren W. Wiersbe, Revelation: Be Victorious (Victor Books, 1987), p. 146

The throne of God sits upon a glassy sea (Revelation 4:6).  From His throne flows a river (Revelation 22:1) and that river will flow somewhere as it cascades in waterfall after waterfall down from the throne of God and through the Golden City and out of the city and into the earth.

We have every reason to anticipate a planet – as it is today – populated with bodies of water.  And lakes can be so large you cannot see across them.

One author postulated that huge lakes could, in effect, act as freshwater oceans, teeming with recreated life – saltwater animals recreated and adapted to live and flourish in fresh water. / Alcorn, p. 266

But the symbol of evil and separation is gone as well as the cleansing system of the salty oceans of our world as they will no longer be needed in God’s brand new world.

This is a brand new and unique universe! 

We often talk about heaven being our blessed hope (Titus 2:13).  We are looking for our blessed hope – eternal life with Jesus Christ.  It happens to be our blessed hope

But we so quickly focus on the word “hope” that we overlook the word “blessed”.  You could translate that word, happy, jubilant, glorious.

The new heaven and the new earth happen to be our glorious prospect and the reality of that eternal place causes us great jubilation and joy!

We have no idea how amazing this place will be that we inhabit and explore for all of eternity – our brand new world!

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Comments

Caroline Vines says:
Pastor Davey, your messages are always so insightful, informative and full of truth. I really admire your knowledge of history and the historical backgrounds that you give. The series you did on Heroes of Faith, when you told so much about some of the missionaries that have served so faithfully was so inspiring. So of the history that you give on Old Testament times is so interesting to me. I feel that i have grown a lot spiritually by listening to you over the years. i am a supporter of BBN and wish that i had the money to support your ministry and some others that i hear on BBN but as you know money only goes so far. I am an 80 year old widow and have been listening to BBN for 42 years. And what a blessing this radio station has been to me as well as my husband before he past 8 years ago. it is so encouraging to know that there are still ministers that preach the truth. I wish i had a church here to attend that would be like your church. May God continue to bless you, your family, the church you pastor, the college you lead, and all you other outreach ministries. By the way, i am a cat lover and i laugh at your dislike of cats when that comes out. Caroline Vines
Jack Brinson says:
It is a true blessing to have Dr. Davey's sermons available online where both transcripts and audio versions are available. I am a Sunday School discussion leader at a small, local Southern Baptist Church. Our class has been studying Revelation for over a year now, and we are delving into Chapter 21 next Sunday (January 24, 2024). We go through each verse together and see what Scripture says about the various questions that individuals raise. When I don't have an immediate answer, I ask for their grace in allowing me to research the question and get back to them with a Biblical response. I continue to listen to and appreciate Dr. Davey's sermons on the chapter prior to leading the discussion. I am also grateful for other sources such as: Revelation - Hearing the Last Word by David M. Levy; The Revelation Record by Henry M. Morris; Matthew Henry's Commentary; and The Bible Knowledge Commentary by John F. Walvoord and Roy B. Zuck. Our class is seeing how exciting the real study of Scripture can be! After our class finishes Revelation, we are on to the study of Jeremiah.

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